THREATPORT/VULNERABILITY/CVE-2025-31651
CRITICAL SEVERITY

CVE-2025-31651

Tomcat vulnerability

CVSS
9.8
EPSS
4.3%
EPSS pct
90th
Exploited
No known
Improper Neutralization of Escape, Meta, or Control Sequences vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. For a subset of unlikely rewrite rule configurations, it was possible for a specially crafted request to bypass some rewrite rules. If those rewrite rules effectively enforced security constraints, those constraints could be bypassed. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.5, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.39, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.102. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version [FIXED_VERSION], which fixes the issue.
Affected vendor
Apache
Affected product
Tomcat
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness type (CWE)
  • CWE-116 — Improper Output Encoding
Published
2025-04-28

Risk analysis

Based on its CVSS vector, this vulnerability is exploitable over the network, low attack complexity, requiring no privileges, no user interaction. Successful exploitation leads to high impact to confidentiality, high impact to integrity, high impact to availability.

Its EPSS score of 4.3% reflects a lower probability of exploitation activity in the wild over the next 30 days, placing it above 90% of all scored CVEs.

Check your external exposure to CVE-2025-31651

  • Confirm whether Apache Tomcat is running on any internet-facing host or subdomain.
  • Match discovered service fingerprints against the version affected by CVE-2025-31651.
  • Prioritise remediation if the asset is public, business-critical, or near authentication/payment flows.

How ThreatPort helps with CVE-2025-31651

ThreatPort's external attack surface scanner checks your internet-facing assets — agentlessly, from the outside in — for the exposed services and versions that CVE-2025-31651 affects, then prioritises the finding by real risk using CISA KEV and FIRST.org EPSS.

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